Apply organic mulch, such as barley straw or plastic mulch around your eggplants. Flea beetle, Parker, J. E. 2012. Beneficial Insects that Provide Flea Beetle Control Ladybugs, braconid wasps, tachinid flies and nematodes are natural predators of flea beetles and other insect pests. Overwintered adult beetles move to sumac in the spring shortly after bud break and feed on the emerging growth 10 . For example, wormwood, thyme, catnip, and other kinds of mint cover up the scent of nearby plants. BotaniGard Maxx & other B. bassiana sprays infect and kill adult flea beetles. Th e adults emerge in Center for Appropriate Technology can, in large numbers, rapidly defoliate and kill (NCAT). Annual Review of Entomology 51: 285-308. 6a) vs. one planted only along one side of a cash crop (Fig. Specialty Lettuce Unfortunately, these procedures are often in con- and Greens: Organic lay, 1992). The Pest control products Depot makes no claims or warranties to its accuracy. Planting a sacrificial row of 'trap plants' can sometimes work to . 2002. For trap cropping to be successful, the trap crop should be 10% of the crop area used (Hokkanen, 1991) or even more (Shelton and Badenes-Perez, 2006). (a) a perimeter trap crop is planted around a field border (b) a strip trap crop is planted along one side of a field. Yet unexpected population spikes can occur, with the organic control method of choice being an organic spinosad spray. Available for purchase online at: Soroka, J. J., J. M. Holowachuk, M. Y. Gruber, and L. F. Grenkow. Adults emerge in spring to feed and lay eggs. Destructive and Golden Harvest Organics Useful Insects, 5th edition. Contains activeBeauveria bassianaspores that attacka long-list of troublesome pests. The plants are so big and healthy by the time the covers are removed to admit pollinators that they can tolerate light flea beetle feeding. If you've seen any pests or beneficial insects in your garden in the past few days please report them to The Big Bug Hunt and help create a warning system to alert you when bugs are heading your way. One spray that may repel or kill flea beetles is made by combining 2 parts rubbing alcohol, 5 parts water and 1 tablespoon of mild, biodegradable liquid dish-washing soap . Vegetable Crop Pests. This, however, is most successful under light flea beetle infestations. For broad spectrum use onvegetables, flowers, trees and more - indoors or out! Th e gardeners reported that catnip used rows of cabbage, broccoli, or caulifl ower (or as a as a mulch or sprayed as an extract tea did a gen- border around the fi eld) can do an exceptional erally poor job of repelling the pest (Long, 1998). Managing fl ea beetles in cole crops. Row covers: The no-spray way to protect plants. 3e and 3f). crispifolia) is an example of a trap crop that has been used effectively in the United States to protect crucifer crops from flea beetle damage (Grubinger, 2005). Flea Beetle: Organic Control Options 1. For example, the primary glucosinolate in Pacific Gold mustard (B. juncea) is also known as allyl glucosinolate or sinigrin, while rape has four main glucosinolates that occur in various concentrations (Davis, 1988). Flea Beetles. Vegetable crop fact sheet. (Available online at: Shelton, A. M., and F. R. Badenes-Perez. Biology. Contents Introduction Cultural/Physical Controls Biological Control Alternative Pesticides References Further Resources Introduction Keep the garden fabric over the plants from planting until the beginning of flowering. Story of the Cane Toad, Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Description of a New Phytophagous, Silk-Spinning Genus from Costa Rica That Induces Food Bodies on Leaves of Piper (Piperaceae), Integrating Development with Evolution: a Case Study with Beetle Horns, Japanese Beetle (Popillia Japonica) Erin Hodgson, Entomologist Diane Alston, Entomologist Cory A, The Small Hive Beetle 2 the Small Hive Beetle INTRODUCTION 3, Beetles Disguised As Ants Host Hydrocarbons Within Two Hours of Its from Robert M, Bioindicators of Water Quality, Quick Reference Guide, Colorado Potato Beetle (Order: Coleoptera, Family: Chrysomelidae, Leptinotarsa Decemlineata (Say)), Ladybird Beetles, Lady Beetles, Ladybugs of Florida, Coleoptera: Coccinellidae1 J, Colorado Potato Beetle: Organic Control Options, Small Hive Beetle [Aethina Tumida (Murray)] Lori R, Pest Watch: Asian Longhorned Beetle Found in Neighboring State, Ladybird Beetle (Coccinellidae; Coleoptera) of District Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan, The Ground Beetle Pterostichus Adstrictus Eschscholtz, 1823 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in the Austrian Alps, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL ORGANISMS for INSECTS and MITES: Sources and Uses for Pest Management Situations in Colorado, Visual Guide to Common Macroinvertebrates, Habitat Planning for Beneficial Insects Guidelines for Conservation Biological Control, MF2222 Biological Control of Insect Pests on Field Crops in Kansas, MAJOR INSECT PESTS of OREGON CONIFERS Oregon Tree ID, Of Tiger Beetles and Ubiquitous Ants: Hazardous Living Amongst Tenacious Prey, Myrmecophily in Beetles (Coleoptera): Evolutionary Patterns and Biological Mechanisms, Not All Pine Beetles Are the Notorious Southern Pine Beetles!! Trap crops can also be deployed as monocultures (one trap crop species) or as mixes in polycultures (many trap crop species). Figure 2. Figure 3: A leafy spurge flea beetle. [Online]. Pupae usually remain in the soil for 7-9 days until adults emerge and the cycle is completed. They are quite small in appearance (1/10 inch), with varying colors and patterns dependent on their species. Generalist predators such as lacewing larvae (Chrysoperla spp.) To be effective, the trap crop must be more appealing to the pest than the cash crop. DAMAGE The major flea beetle pests in organic brassicas and solanaceous crops in North America are listed in Tables 1 and 2, and images of adults are shown in Figures 2 and 3. Fungal pathogens. Companion plants that deter Flea Beetles can be grown between crops. These holes can also cause indirect damage by serving as entry points for microorganisms that reduce storage potential or cause potatoes to rot (Antonelli and Davidson, 2001). Tel: 800-827-2847 McKinlay, Roderick G. 1992. Lawn and Garden Care.Natural Resources April 2015 NCAT Conservation Service. March. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA. 534 p. Webinars Diversity by Design: Using Trap Crops to Control the Flint, Mary Louise. Flea Beetles by W.S. Available online at: Hooks, C., and M. Johnson. Row covers are an effective way to prevent flea beetle damage in fields without overwintering populations. Flea Beetles. You can also use a vacuum cleaner to take the pest out of the foliage. For more information on strategies to conserve predators, see the eOrganic article, Farmscaping: Making Use of Natures Pest Management Services. Leaves are covered with small holes that are necrotic areas left after feeding of the flea beetle adults. Burkness, S., and J. Hahn. When approached or touched, the insect will jump off the plant in a similar fashion to a grasshopper. However, make sure to reapply after rain to ensure its proper functioning. 1993. University of Minnesota Extension Publication M1210. Overwintering flea beetle adults emerge in mid- to late spring, become more active when the days get warmer, and move into fields as their preferred host plants become available (Antonelli and Davidson, 2001). Ie. Several conventional and OMRI-listed organic insecticides were compared for control of flea beetle s (Phyllotreta cruciferae Goeze) in fresh-market cabbage and pak choy production . Flea beetle damage on Brassica and Solanaceous crops. Figure 5. It is almost 1/4 inch long, has dark, greenish-black wing covers, a yellow-orange thorax, and a dark head. Researchers at Washington State University (WSU) explored the use of simple (monocultures) and diverse (polycultures) trap crops to control the crucifer flea beetle in broccoli and found that certain species were more effective than others. Photos by Dr. Matt Bertone, NC Table 2. CRC Press, Boston, MA. FLEA BEETLE: ORGANIC CONTROL OPTIONS CURRENT TOPIC By George Kuepper NCAT Agriculture Specialist March 2003 Abstract This publication focuses on organic control of flea beetles, one of the more serious vegetable crop pests. Flea beetle larvae are grub-like with off-white bodies and a brown head and anal plate. It happens every year. It is because, When insects come into contact with B. bassiana fungal spores, either by sprayed droplets or exposure to a treated surface, the spores attach to the insect, germinate, and penetrate the insect's body. Colorado Master Gardener, Colorado State University Cooperative Extension, Denver County. 4c and 4d, respectively) looks like shot-holes ranging in size from 1/16 to 1/8 inch in diameter. Because trap crops may vary in their attractiveness over time, it may be important to make multiple plantings of the trap crop. Likely Western Potato Flea be limited to the early part of the Beetle. 1998. a native braconid wasp that kills the adult fl ea Another approach to trap cropping is to interplant beetle and sterilizes the female fl ea beetle (Hines radishesChinese Daikon and Snow Belle are and Hutchinson, 1997). 2013. Both larval and adult stages have chewing mouthparts, which they use effectively below ground (larvae) and above ground (adults). There are also several conventional or non-organic methods that do involve some modern chemistry. Mother Earth News. junction with a planned crop rotation in which the crop to be protected follows a non-suscepti- ble crop. Photo credits: (a) Natasha Wright, Florida Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org; (b) Frank Peairs, Colorado State University, Bugwood.org; (c and d) Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State University, Bugwood.org; (e) G. H. Spitler, Washington State University; (f) Ken Gray, courtesy of Oregon State University. Create a flea beetle repellent Cover your plants Use a garden hose Remove them manually Repel flea beetles with plants Use sticky traps Attract predators Use trap plants Coffee grounds for flea beetles Flea beetle traps DIY cup trap DIY sticky trap Talcum powder for flea beetles Spray neem oil Cinnamon is a natural flea beetle repellent Specifi c information mentioned in this regard, dia- on such strategies is provided in the ATTR A pub- tomaceous earth has been lication Farmscaping for Biological Control. The shape of a trap crop may influence such reactions. They can be used to control a broad range of soil-inhabiting insects and above-ground insects in their soil-inhabiting stage of life. The adult corn flea beetle is shiny black, very small (less than 1/16 inches long), and more or less rounded, with large hind legs for jumping. Dusting your plants with plain talcum powder repels flea beetles on tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, and other plants. Potato flea beetles: Biology and control. Flea beetles are most active in spring when adults emerge and their feeding can severely damage seedling plants. Photo credits: (a) Joyce Parker, AAAS S&T Policy Fellow USEPA. Mix 1 oz/ gallon of water and spray all leaf surfaces (including the undersides of leaves) until completely wet. Larvae are small, cream-colored worms (1/8 1/3 inch long). To sidestep trouble, I like to grow eggplant seedlings in containers on my deck for as long as possible, or you could use a high outdoor table; eggplant flea beetles jump fast, but not very high. 2014. Quick Facts. (a) crucifer flea beetle (b) striped flea beetle (c) horseradish flea beetle (d) western black flea beetle. University of Vermont E-mail: [emailprotected] Extension. Ready for some good news? Leafy spurge control using flea beetles (Apthona spp.). Sanitation practices such as mowing and tilling weeds (especially early in the season), and removing plant debris within cash crops, can reduce flea beetle populations by minimizing food sources and overwintering habitat. See " Attracting Beneficial Insects to Help Your Garden Thrive " for more information. 1999. To learn more, visit www.gardensalive.com. www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/insect/05592.html Byczynski, Lynn. Flea beetles are common garden pests found throughout the Pacific Northwest. Provides a useful profi le of fl ea beetles, including their biology and habits, host plants, damage, distribution, and control. Below- and above-ground feeding damage can kill seedlings and small transplants. * Most flea beetles feed on a narrow range of host plants. Test out the mixture on a leaf of the plant, let it sit overnight, then spray the rest of the plant if you don't notice any adverse effects. Plants mint or catnip, sage, hyssop, basil or nasturtium to attract these helpers. The nematodes will feed on the larvae and suppress the flea beetle population. Furthermore, the nematode species Steinernema carpocapsae has been demonstrated to decrease damage caused by flea beetle larvae in potatoes (Ambrosino, 2008). Row Cover In brassica crops grown in northern climates, one option is to plant later in the season, which will reduce areas where overwintered flea beetles can feed and reproduce. Once cole season (Anon., 1998). By early May, garden plants are being threatened by overwintered flea beetles and a new generation, too. Shipping calculated at checkout. Ooi, Bugwood.org; (d) Joseph Berger, Bugwood.org. Applied to the soil, the nematodes attack the beetle's larval stage, Th e kaolin-clay-based product reducing root feeding and helping to prevent the Surround has undergone some next cycle of adults from emerging. EL71. These tiny,worm-like parasites hunt and destroy over 230 different pests. Squash Vine Borers. Th e adults are active leaf-feeders that margins, and adjacent areas. While attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/biorationals/index.php) eff ective in reducing fl ea-beetle has information about formulations of benefi cial damage, Surround degraded nematodes. Cultural and biological options are discussed along with alternative pesticidal . Some Bt strains control non-lepidopterons. Flea beetles are also strong fliers, moving into crop fields from neighboring fields and weedy borders. Once you find flea beetles in the trap crop, do one of the following: Spray the trap crop with an approved organic insecticide.1 Physically remove and then kill the insects (e.g., handpick or use an insect vacuum to suck them off the trap crop, followed by placement in a freezer).2 Till the trap crop into the ground. This will have a desiccating effect on pests. be discussed fi rst. chinensis) protected broccoli from the crucifer flea beetle more successfully than these species planted alone or in polycultures of two species (Parker, 2012). Description of the Pest. Privacy Information and Disclaimer Different flea beetles have different host ranges. Protects to26F. 7a), big eyed bugs (Geocoris spp.) 2. tle management. Diatomaceous earth (DE) can effectively control several plant pests including flea beetles. Flea beetle pests of vegetables. January. Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. Chewing damage on leaves results in a characteristic pitting or shot-holing. 5.) Coat a piece of card with grease, such as insect barrier glue, leaving a clean strip along one edge. Horseradish, occasionally damages cabbage, radish and turnip, Northern US and usually east of the Rockies, Brassicaceae family, occasionally damages beet, lettuce and potato. Pleasant, B. Organic Gardening gardeners report. 4b). 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